Table of Contents

I. PRELIMINARY PANEL INTRODUCTION 76

II. MODERATOR OPENING: THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY COMMEMORATION 76

III. HISTORY OF BARBARA RINGER 79

IV. THE STUDIES 82
A. Study Number One 83
B. The Other Studies: The Writings of Barbara Ringer 84
1. Study Number 31: Renewal 84
2. Study Number 26: The Unauthorized Duplication of Sound Recordings 85

V. THE NEW 1976 COPYRIGHT ACT 86
A. Author-centric 86
B. The Dark Side 88
C. Unfinished Business 89

VI. CLOSING REFLECTIONS AND Q&A 92
A. Closing Reflections 92
B. Q&A 93

Abstract

This panel will briefly recount the 21-year saga that shaped modern copyright law with the enactment of the Copyright Act of 1976. The panelists will revisit some of the major battles, stakeholder positions, and legislative challenges that culminated in the landmark Copyright Act. This is part one of a two-part program by the Copyright Society to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the 1976 Act with special commemorative programming. A second panel will present related issues at the Annual Meeting in June 2026. Be part of this milestone anniversary as we honor the legacy that continues to shape creativity and innovation today.

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