Journal Home Browse Issues Submissions About the Journal Symposium Subscribe Go back to Issues The Heart of the Matter: Copyright, AI Training, and LLM 71 J. COPYRIGHT SOC’Y, 482, (2024) Daniel Gervais Vanderbilt University Haralambos Marmanis Copyright Clearance Center, EVP & CTO Noam Shemtov Centre for Commercial Law, Queen Mary University of London Catherine Zaller Rowland Copyright Clearance Center, General Counsel Abstract Read Full Article This article explores the intricate relationship between copyright law and artificial intelligence, including large language models (LLMs). It begins with a detailed technical overview of LLM functionality, including tokenization, word embeddings, and the various stages of LLM development. The authors then delve into the copyright implications of using protected works for both training LLMs and generating outputs. 71(3)_The Heart of the MatterDownload